On today's manufacturing stage, aluminum-magnesium alloy castings are playing an increasingly vital role due to their unique properties.
The development of the aluminum-magnesium alloy casting industry is closely intertwined with advancements across multiple sectors. In aerospace, automotive, communications electronics, and defense industries, the demand for aluminum-magnesium alloy castings is surging as these fields pursue lighter, higher-performance, and more precise components. Next-generation aircraft, high thrust-to-weight ratio aircraft engines, automotive components, and new-generation weapon systems all impose extremely stringent requirements on structural weight and performance. This has driven the widespread adoption of lightweight aluminum-magnesium alloy materials for components, which are evolving toward monolithic, complex, and precision-engineered designs.

The production process of aluminum-magnesium alloy castings involves multiple casting techniques, including sand casting, metal mold casting, pressure casting, squeeze casting, and lost foam casting. However, aluminum-magnesium alloy materials face significant challenges during casting, such as severe gas absorption, accelerated oxidation and combustion, and difficulties in feeding, leading to issues like poor filling, low density, and suboptimal mechanical properties.
To address these issues, specialized precision casting techniques like pressure die casting, squeeze casting, and lost foam casting demonstrate significant advantages. Pressure die casting technology continues to innovate, with high-vacuum die casting creating a high-vacuum environment by evacuating cavity gases to reduce porosity and enhance density and mechanical properties. Oxygen-injection die casting, meanwhile, introduces oxygen to generate fine Al₂O₃ particles, improving the density of die-cast components. Future research in pressure casting will focus on producing thinner-walled and larger castings, alongside optimizing advanced processes.
Squeeze casting significantly enhances metal melt filling and shrinkage compensation capabilities, enabling high-pressure solidification with minimal plastic deformation to improve casting density and mechanical properties. Vacuum low-pressure, vibration, and pressure-less pattern casting technologies improve liquid metal filling capability, refine microstructure, and increase structural density, thereby significantly enhancing casting mechanical properties. Vacuum low-pressure lost-foam shell casting addresses common defects in conventional lost-foam casting, emerging as a new pathway for producing complex, thin-walled, high-quality aluminum-magnesium alloy precision castings.
Driven by technological advancements and evolving market demands, the aluminum-magnesium alloy casting industry continues to advance in technological innovation, product application expansion, and green sustainability. The adoption of intelligent and digital technologies will elevate production efficiency and product quality, while new material development will broaden application horizons. Applications for aluminum-magnesium alloy castings continue to expand across transportation, electronics, medical devices, and other sectors. Concurrently, the industry actively embraces green environmental principles, aligns with sustainable development strategies, and strengthens product recycling and reuse to achieve transformation, upgrading, and long-term sustainability goals.